Brazilian Amazon deforestation reached a 40-year low in 2026, with 3,335 square kilometres cleared, according to government data. The reduction follows strengthened enforcement and state investments in environmental agencies under President Lula. The election outcome could determine the future of the rainforest and its role in global climate policy.
The deforestation rate fell 41.8% compared to the previous year, with Pará, Mato Grosso and Amazonas accounting for the majority of losses. Despite this, Roraima saw a slight increase, a region aligned with Flávio Bolsonaro's political base. The election run-off on 25 October pits Lula against Bolsonaro, with stark differences in their environmental policies.
Lula's administration has prioritized Amazon protection, aiming to end deforestation by 2030, while Bolsonaro's proposed policies could reverse these gains. Environmental experts warn that Bolsonaro's approach may weaken enforcement, potentially leading to increased deforestation. The Amazon's role as a carbon sink remains critical for global climate stability.
The Amazon's condition is a key factor in international climate negotiations, with Lula's re-election seen as crucial to maintaining conservation efforts. Bolsonaro's potential presidency could shift Brazil's stance on environmental protection, affecting its role in global climate policy and the future of the rainforest.